The effects of various engine loads and a constant speed of 1500 rpm on engine combustion, performance, and exhaust gas emissions have been studied through experimental testing. Volumetric mixtures of biodiesel and diesel A single cylinder diesel engine was designed to run on D70B30 (70% diesel and30% biodiesel), D50B50 (50%diesel and 50 % biodiesel), and D30B70 (30% diesel and 70% biodiesel). The engine findings demonstrate a 34.8% decrease in the rate of change of CO for D50B50 when compared to diesel fuel. Due to biodiesel's low calorific value and shorter ignition delay, greater percentages of biodiesel blends result in a modest fall in maximum cylinder pressure. the HRR difference between biodiesel blends and diesel fuel. HRR was around 31.7, 52.4, and 63.5 (J/deg) for 10%, 30%, and 60% of the maximum engine power, respectively. For diesel fuel, D30B70 had the biggest reduction in HC emissions, which was roughly 4.18%. Blends of biodiesel have higher NOx emissions than pure biodiesel. Diesel and biodiesel operations had fairly comparable combustion onset and burn times. CA50 for biodiesel was delayed by 0.4 CA under both operating circumstances. The BTE of the engine decreased by around 0.6% when biodiesel was used as fuel. While this was happening, gains of around 2%, 11%, and 17% in BSEC, BSFC, and volumetric BSFC were noted. Comparing exhaust mass flow suggested that using biodiesel fuel could help engines operate at high altitudes with less fresh air usage 20% methanol and 0.75% To produce a maximum of 77% biodiesel, sodium hydroxide was mixed. The engine experiment findings showed that all biodiesel mixes decreased exhaust emissions, including carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM), and smoke emissions. However, the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from biodiesel blends did marginally increases.