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     2024:5/6

Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement

Fair Play and Editorial Independence

Editors evaluate submitted manuscripts solely based on their academic merit, including relevance, originality, clarity, and the validity of the study, without any bias related to the authors' race, gender, sexual orientation, ethnic background, citizenship, religion, political views, or institutional affiliation. Decisions regarding editing and publication are made independently from the influence of governments, organizations, or external entities. The Editor-in-Chief holds full authority over the journal’s editorial content and the timing of its publication.

Confidentiality

Editors and the editorial team are committed to maintaining the confidentiality of all submitted manuscripts. Information related to a manuscript will not be disclosed to anyone except the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, editorial advisers, and the publisher, as deemed necessary.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

Editors and members of the editorial board must not use unpublished information from submitted manuscripts for personal research without explicit written consent from the authors. Any privileged information or insights gained through manuscript handling must remain confidential. Editors will recuse themselves from manuscripts where there is a conflict of interest due to personal, professional, or financial relationships with the authors, companies, or institutions involved.

Publication Decisions

Manuscripts under consideration for publication are peer-reviewed by at least two experts in the relevant field. The Editor-in-Chief, considering the importance of the research, reviewers' comments, and legal requirements, makes the final decision regarding publication. The Editor-in-Chief may consult with other editors or reviewers to make informed decisions.

Ethical Investigations and Cooperation

In case of any ethical concerns about submitted or published papers, the journal will take appropriate action, including investigating any alleged misconduct. Following COPE guidelines, if misconduct is confirmed, necessary steps such as corrections, retractions, or expressions of concern will be published to maintain the journal’s integrity.

Duties of Reviewers

Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Reviewers assist editors in making publication decisions and contribute to improving manuscripts through their feedback. Peer review is essential for maintaining the integrity of academic publishing, and reviewers are expected to contribute to this process diligently.

Timeliness

Reviewers who are unable to review a manuscript promptly or do not feel qualified to assess the research should notify the editors immediately to allow for the assignment of alternative reviewers.

Confidentiality

All manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. Reviewers should not discuss or share the manuscript with others, except in cases where the Editor-in-Chief provides specific permission.

Objectivity and Standards

Reviews should be conducted objectively, with clear feedback and supporting arguments, allowing authors to improve their work. Personal criticism of authors is unacceptable, and reviewers should focus on the content and merit of the manuscript.

Acknowledgement of Sources

Reviewers are expected to identify any relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. If they detect significant overlap between the manuscript under review and any other published work, they should notify the editors.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

Reviewers must disclose any conflicts of interest and recuse themselves if they have competing or conflicting relationships with any of the authors or organizations associated with the manuscript. Information obtained during peer review must not be used for personal gain.

Duties of Authors

Reporting Standards

Authors must present an accurate and objective account of their research and discuss its significance. Manuscripts should include sufficient detail and references for reproducibility. Inaccurate or fraudulent reporting constitutes unethical behavior.

Data Access and Retention

Authors should be prepared to provide raw data related to their study upon request and should ensure data accessibility for at least ten years after publication, provided that confidentiality and legal restrictions are observed.

Originality and Plagiarism

Authors must submit original work and properly cite the work and ideas of others. Any form of plagiarism is considered unethical and will not be tolerated.

Multiple or Redundant Publication

Authors should not submit the same manuscript to multiple journals or republish the same research in multiple venues without appropriate justification and agreement between the relevant journals.

Authorship Criteria

Only those who have significantly contributed to the research should be listed as authors. All coauthors must approve the final manuscript and its submission for publication.

Acknowledgement of Sources

Proper acknowledgement of the work of others is required. Information obtained privately must not be used without permission.

Hazards and Subjects

If research involves hazardous materials, chemicals, or human/animal subjects, authors must ensure compliance with ethical standards and provide relevant institutional approvals and consent documentation.

Participation in Peer Review

Authors are expected to participate in the peer review process and respond promptly to any editorial queries or revision requests.

Errors in Published Works

Authors are required to inform the journal if they identify significant errors in their published work and cooperate in issuing corrections or retractions if necessary.

Duties of the Publisher

In cases of scientific misconduct, fraudulent publication, or plagiarism, the publisher, in collaboration with the editorial team, will take appropriate actions to rectify the situation, ensuring the integrity of the journal.

This policy aims to uphold the highest standards of ethical publishing and ensures that all stakeholders—editors, reviewers, authors, and the publisher—follow best practices in academic publishing.