This research aims to analyze the impact of the implementation of sustainable independent oil palm cultivation by smallholder farmers, consisting of legal aspects, technical cultivation aspects, environmental management aspects, labor aspects, and institutional aspects, on rural area development in Angkola Sangkunur sub-district, South Tapanuli regency. The data used in this research includes both primary and secondary data. The primary data were collected by distributing questionnaires to a probability sample of all respondents, while the secondary data were obtained from literature as supporting data. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data, and the hypotheses were tested using simultaneous (F-test) and partial (t-test) tests. The results of the data analysis indicate that the technical cultivation aspect and institutional aspect have a significant positive impact. Meanwhile, the legal aspect and environmental management aspect have a positive impact but are not significant, and the labor aspect has a negative and insignificant impact on rural area development in Angkola Sangkunur sub-district, South Tapanuli regency.