Finding the proper etio-pathogenesis and treating gynaecological problems requires knowledge of stree-sharira (anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system). The classics of Ayurveda have focussed on the practical application of knowledge and hence they discussed sharira rather than micro structural details. The name Yoni denotes the entire genital canal. Similar descriptions of the vagina are explained by modern science as a fibro-musculo-membranous sheath connecting the uterine chamber to the outside at the vulva. It contains the uterine secretory and menstrual blood excretory canal. Garbhashaya is located in the third avarta of the yoni, behind the bladder, between pittashaya and pakvashaya. Sushruta used the term plalamntargata, which is comparable to the ovaries or beeja granthi. Three doshas are in charge of the rutuchakra (menstrual cycle). The Rajasrava kala (menstrual cycle duration) can last anywhere between three and seven days. The mechanism of artava pravrutti has been clearly defined by Ayurveda. There is menstrual blood loss throughout the three to five or seven-day Rajahkala (menstrual phase), and vata dosha predominates. During this phase, the drava and sara gunas of the pitta dosha and the chala guna and kshepana karma of the vata dosha both function. Ritu-kala, or the proliferative phase, lasts for 12 or 16 days or the entire cycle. Even without menstruation, navina rajah (new cycles) are established at this time, and fertility chances are at their highest. These functions share similarities with the kapha dosha, indicating that kapha is the dominant dosha in this period.