Abstract

Malnutrition and tuberculosis (TB) are two significant public health challenges in Nigeria, particularly in rural areas where access to nutritious food, clean water, and healthcare services is limited. This study aimed to examine the relationship between demographic factors and malnutrition and TB in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. A qualitative research design was used, and data was collected through in-depth interviews with a sample of 50 individuals affected by malnutrition and TB. The results showed that individuals of all ages and genders were affected by malnutrition and TB, but young children and elderly individuals were particularly vulnerable. Women were also found to be more affected by malnutrition than men, due to their limited access to nutritious food and healthcare services. Participants with lower levels of education were more likely to be affected by malnutrition and TB, and individuals living in crowded or unsanitary conditions were at a higher risk of these conditions. Recommendations for addressing malnutrition and TB in Zaria and other communities in Nigeria include increasing access to nutritious food, improving access to clean water and sanitation, increasing access to healthcare services, addressing poverty, and increasing health education and promotion. The study was limited by its small sample size and qualitative research design, and further research is needed to build upon these findings and develop more comprehensive interventions to address malnutrition and TB in Nigeria.