Abstract

Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health. Overweight is defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 25, and obesity as a BMI of greater than 30. The issue has epidemic proportions, according to the global burden of disease, with over 4 million people dying each year as a result of being overweight or obese in 2017. In comparison to individuals who are at a healthy weight, those who are obese are more likely to develop a number of significant illnesses and medical disorders, including Type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and breathing issues including asthma and sleep apnoea. Treatments for overweight and obesity frequently involve losing weight through healthier eating, increasing physical exercise, and making other adjustments to daily habits. Some persons may benefit from weight-management programmes in terms of weight loss or preventing weight gain and some obese people are unable to maintain their weight loss or drop enough weight to enhance their health. In certain circumstances, a physician might think about incorporating other therapies, such as weight-loss drugs, gadgets, or bariatric surgery.