In many parts of India, abiotic stress is a major problem that has an especially negative effect on agricultural areas. Extremely low and high temperatures, protracted dryness, and increased soil salinity are the causes of this problem. Crop growth is significantly hampered and their production is reduced as a result of the combination of these conditions. However, there have only been a few initiatives made to solve this issue, particularly in the context of decorative crops.
Soil salinity stands out as a significant contributor to the many stress factors, adversely affecting the general growth and expansion of plants. Decorative crops now have the potential to earn more money than other crops and contribute significantly to the growth of the national economy. Breeding ornamentals that can survive in difficult conditions is today's problem. There are several ways to deal with abiotic stress, but only a small number of them have been shown successful for attractive crops. The transfer of abiotic stress-resistant traits from cultivated varieties to their wild counterparts through extensive crossbreeding methods, including both interspecific and intergeneric hybridization, has demonstrated promise in improving the drought tolerance of various crops. In vitro mutagenesis is a crucial tactic that integrates tissue culture approaches with induced mutation techniques. It is another important tool. This novel strategy has the potential to improve crop plants' overall quality and productivity while also boosting their resistance to diverse stresses. In the context of ornamental crops, introducing novel traits by traditional breeding techniques—such as distinctive hues and improved abiotic stress resilience—often poses significant challenges. However, a quicker method of reaching these objectives is through genetic modification. This work focuses on a thorough investigation of the literature on holistic plant breeding methods designed to improve abiotic stress resistance in ornamental crops. In particular, the study explores the subtleties of breeding techniques that handle the difficulties brought on by extreme temperature changes, drought, and salinity stress. It is significant to note that the thorough examination of breeding strategies in response to these particular stresses is beyond the purview of this review.