This article examines the financial management experience in countries with comparable public health systems, such as China, as well as in countries with developed healthcare systems, such as the United States and the Czech Republic. Based on these studies, lessons are drawn for public hospitals in Vietnam.

The activities of medical examination and healthcare in public hospitals are not only a national issue but also an international concern. Countries with different social, political systems, and levels of economic development share a common requirement for a hospital system that serves community interests, particularly regarding financial autonomy for public hospitals.

Studying practical experiences in financial management towards autonomy in China - a country with a public health system similar to Vietnam’s and in the United States and the Czech Republic-two countries that have implemented financial autonomy in public hospital management towards privatization and corporatization provides valuable lessons for public hospitals in Vietnam.