This study presents a comparative analysis of the industrial relations legal frameworks in Germany and Malaysia, examining key aspects such as collective bargaining processes, dispute resolution mechanisms, and worker rights protection. In Germany, a strong tradition of social partnership and sectoral-level collective bargaining shapes labor relations, while Malaysia's system is characterized by government intervention and regulation. Despite these differences, both countries face challenges in ensuring effective dispute resolution and protecting worker rights. By highlighting cross-national variations in labor regulation, this study contributes to the existing literature on industrial relations and comparative law, offering insights for policymakers, employers, and workers to enhance understanding and improve industrial relations practices.