Abstract

The exponential expansion in electronic device consumption has led to a large increase in electronic waste (e-waste), presenting both environmental concerns and economic issues internationally. This study applies a full Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate the environmental and economic implications of various e-waste disposal techniques, including landfilling, incineration, and recycling. By studying each stage of e-waste processing—from collection to final disposal—the research aims to develop sustainable approaches that minimize ecological harm while increasing economic advantages. The findings demonstrate that sophisticated recycling technology and the adoption of circular economy principles can greatly cut greenhouse gas emissions, conserve resources, and provide economic value through material recovery.