Under the Nguyen Dynasty, An Giang and Ha Tien were key locations in defending the country and maintaining Vietnamese sovereignty against foreign invaders on the Southwestern border. The Nguyen Dynasty created the Vinh Te canal as an efficient answer to these issues while also stabilizing the lives of residents living along the border. The article focuses on understanding the role and strategic significance of Vinh Te canal for Nguyen Dynasty’s diplomatic relations and establishing authority on the Southwestern border area, as well as the military base system in national defense strategy and resistance to invasion along this canal in the first half of the nineteenth century. The study’s findings help to a better understanding of the importance of the Vinh Te canal in the process of establishing and safeguarding the country’s Southwestern border.