Background: Climate change is a significant global challenge with wide-ranging impacts on human health and the environment. There is growing recognition of the intricate connections between climatic changes and public health outcomes. Environmental degradation driven by climate change – including rising temperatures, shifting weather patterns, and extreme weather events – has direct and indirect effects on human well-being. These effects pose complex challenges that demand comprehensive understanding and effective policy responses. Aim: This review aims to investigate and comprehensively understand the relationship between health and the environment in the context of climate change. By examining the multifaceted dimensions of this relationship ranging from health impacts to policy responses. The review seeks to provide insights to inform policymakers in designing and implementing effective climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies that safeguard public health. 
Methods: A scoping review approach was used in this study as an effective method for synthesising and evaluating existing literature following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, enhanced by contemporary guidelines from [29]. This method allows for a thorough scoping of 40 articles in the current body of literature while embracing many views, theoretical frameworks, and empirical data.
Findings: The multifaceted interaction between direct and indirect health effects arising from climate change and environmental degradation underscores the complexity of the health-environment relationship. As climate change exacerbates the frequency and intensity of extreme events, alters ecosystems, and disrupts food systems, the implications for human health become increasingly intricate and interwoven. Policy interventions aimed at addressing these effects must adopt a holistic approach, accounting for the interconnections between direct and indirect pathways. 
Furthermore, we explored the regional disparities in vulnerability to these health effects and the strategies policymakers can adopt to mitigate their impacts.
Conclusion: The integration of health considerations into climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts is imperative for fostering comprehensive, effective, and sustainable policies. The Health Impact Assessment framework, co-benefits recognition, community engagement, health system resilience, and international collaboration are pivotal pathways to achieving this integration.