Abstract

Metabolic reprogramming in cancer, driven by oncogenes and tumor suppressors, has become a pivotal focus in oncology research. This review explores the intricate roles of oncogenes like MYC and RAS in promoting glycolysis and glutaminolysis, while tumor suppressors such as p53 and PTEN counterbalance these effects by regulating oxidative phosphorylation and lipid metabolism. Integrative therapeutic approaches targeting these metabolic pathways promise to overcome treatment resistance and enhance patient outcomes. Challenges include tumor heterogeneity and the translation of preclinical findings into clinical applications. Future research directions include leveraging emerging technologies like CRISPR and metabolic inhibitors to develop personalized therapies that exploit metabolic vulnerabilities in individual tumors. By understanding and manipulating oncogene and tumor suppressor-driven metabolic pathways, this review underscores their potential to revolutionize cancer treatment.