Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is known to impact multiple aspects of health, including cognition, sleep, and physical function. Middle-aged women with diabetes may be at particular risk for mild cognitive impairment (MCI), poor sleep quality, and reduced physical activity. This study aimed to identify the relationship between mild cognitive impairment, physical functioning and sleep quality in middle-aged Type 2 diabetic women.
 Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 44 middle-aged diabetic women. Participants were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for cognitive function, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for physical activity, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep quality. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and independent t-tests to examine relationships between variables. 
Results: The study revealed that half of the participants (n=22) were identified with MCI based on MMSE scores (21–24), while the remaining half had normal cognition (25–30). Results showed poor sleep quality was prevalent in 70.5% of participants, with no significant difference in sleep quality between those with normal cognition and those with mild cognitive impairment (p = 1.000). Regarding physical activity, most participants (63.6%) exhibited moderate levels of physical functioning, and there was no significant difference in physical activity levels between the two cognitive groups (p = 0.807). The findings indicated that poor sleep and low physical activity were common across the sample, but no significant associations were found between cognitive status, sleep quality, or physical functioning. 
Conclusion: The study concludes that poor sleep quality and suboptimal physical activity are widespread among middle-aged diabetic women, although no significant relationships were found between cognitive status, sleep quality, and physical functioning. The high prevalence of poor sleep and limited physical activity highlights the need for health interventions in this population.