Abstract

Endometriosis is defined as the presence of functional endometrial glandular tissue outside the uterine lining. Presence of functional endometrial tissue in the thoracic cavity (Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome) which before now was thought to be a very rare occurrence is now suspected to occur with much higher frequency as cases are misdiagnosed and underreported. Delay in diagnosis or missed diagnosis can be minimized when diagnostic tools are easily accessible but in a resource poor setting where access to such advanced diagnostic tools as Video Assisted Thoracoscopy (VATS) is not easily accessible and/or affordable, early diagnosis of Thoracic endometriosis could be a daunting task. However, this is attainable if a high index of suspicion is maintained when reviewing any woman of reproductive age group presenting with cyclical or recurrent chest symptoms.