Abstract

Ports are essential for local and international trade, connecting countries and facilitating the movement of goods. It plays a vital role of global economy as 75% of trade and commerce of planet by value passes through the port. Actually, ports are always considered as capital infrastructures and those cover wide range of financial associates. Smart ports are modern and highly facilitated port which uses digital, automated and other smart technologies to enhance efficiency, accountability, sustainability, security, and competitiveness in monitoring, operations, management and effective 24/7 service. Smart shipping and smart ports frequently utilize digital tools such as sensors, data analytics, augmented reality, big data, digital twins, and automation to improve cargo movement, minimize waste and emissions, and provide superior services to shippers, shipping companies, customs authorities, freight-forwarders, local communities, stakeholders and others. They may also feature renewable energy sources, electric charging stations, onshore power supply, and smart infrastructure for logistics and transportation. The economic benefits are often less directly tied to port activities and more linked to the dynamics of the supporting supply chains. This operational support becomes beneficial and effective, and playing a crucial role to enhancing national and international competitiveness. This analytical paper will assess the history and development of ports in the context of advanced technology. Today’s smart ports and shipping are always used smart technology like AI, ML, DL, data science, etc. and facilities for effective and efficient service, safety, operation and better management.