Abstract

This study assessed the level of manifestation of family culture among learners, focusing on family norms and shared values, to determine which aspects remain strongly reinforced and which are less emphasized in their lived experiences. The objective was to understand how these cultural elements influence learners’ attitudes in school, particularly in relation to motivation, engagement, and interpersonal behavior. A descriptive research design was employed to examine the manifestation of family culture and its influence on learners’ attitudes. The study was conducted at Obrero Central Elementary School in Butuan City, a large public school with diverse learners and strong community engagement. The respondents consisted of 30 Grade 5 and Grade 6 learners enrolled during School Year 2025–2026, selected through purposive sampling from those referred to the Guidance Office for concerns such as bullying, absenteeism, or emotional distress. Supplementary data were also gathered from teachers to validate and contextualize learners’ self-reported attitudes. The research instrument was a survey questionnaire adapted from the Family Assessment Device (Epstein et al., 1983), structured into two sections: manifestation of family culture and learners’ attitudes in school. Items were rated using a 5-point Likert scale, and the instrument was validated and tested for reliability, yielding a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.78. Data collection followed ethical protocols, and responses were analyzed using a weighted mean to determine levels of manifestation. Findings revealed that family norms were manifested at a moderately strong level, with the highest emphasis on upholding family reputation (WM = 4.10) and the lowest on respect for elders (WM = 2.60). Shared values were manifested at a strong level, with mutual support rated highest (WM = 3.97) and cooperation through open idea-sharing rated lowest (WM = 2.90). Overall, family culture among learners was moderately strong in norms and strong in shared values. The study concludes that learners navigate a dynamic interplay between traditional expectations and emerging values, with family culture continuing to play a significant role in shaping their attitudes and academic engagement.