Abstract

The study analyzes the relationship between climate change and agricultural production in Vietnam, thereby pointing out negative impacts on the national food system and proposing solutions to cope. The results show that climate change is reducing agricultural inputs, especially water resources, land, crop productivity and aquatic resources. Unusual fluctuations in rainfall and water flow, together with water extraction from upstream, increase drought, saltwater intrusion and land degradation. Sea level rise poses serious risks to the Mekong Delta, where up to 40% of the area may be flooded, leading to a sharp decline in agricultural productivity. Rising temperatures and extreme weather promote the development of pests and diseases, causing rice yields to decrease by about 10% for every 1°C increase in temperature. At the same time, biodiversity declines and natural disasters increase, directly affecting farmers' livelihoods and national food security. The study proposes implementing adaptation solutions towards climate-smart agriculture, emission reduction and sustainable development. Priorities include enhancing science and technology, effectively managing resources, improving support policies and promoting international cooperation to improve the resilience of the agricultural sector and ensure long-term food security.