Abstract

The imbalance in population growth and distribution between Java and regions outside Java has long been a persistent demographic phenomenon in Indonesia. Internal migration is one of the main factors contributing to this condition, as population movements tend to be heavily concentrated toward Java. This study aims to analyze the effect of internal migration on population growth in Java, its impact on population growth in regions outside Java, and its role intensifying regional population distribution inequality. This research employs a literature-based qualitative descriptive approach, utilizing secondary data from the 2010 and 2020 Population Censuses, migration statistics published by the Central Statistics Agency, and relevant scientific journals. The findings indicate that internal migration accelerates population growth on Java Island, slows population growth in regions outside Java, and reinforces spatial inequality in population distribution.