Abstract

The rapid urbanization of Akure Metropolis, the capital of Ondo State, Nigeria with an estimated population reaching approximately 803,000 in 2025 and projected to exceed 834,000 by 2026 has intensified the demand for reliable and efficient urban transportation systems. This paper examines the social and economic benefits of an efficient transportation system in Akure, drawing on empirical survey data from 1,964 residents across the city's 11 wards. Key findings reveal that taxi services dominate daily commuting, utilized by 72.2% of respondents due to their perceived comfort, convenience, flexibility, and safety, while formal public bus systems remain underutilized at only 6.2%, largely owing to issues of reliability, limited frequency, and poor coverage. Motorcycle (okada) transportation and private cars also play notable roles, though secondary to taxis in preference. Respondents strongly endorsed the benefits of transport efficiency, with 85.6% agreeing that it would significantly reduce daily travel time (mean = 4.32, SD = 0.89), 81.2% highlighting reductions in traffic congestion and improvements in urban livability (mean = 4.20, SD = 0.91), and 78.4% noting enhanced access to essential services such as healthcare and education (mean = 4.15, SD = 0.95). Economically, 83.9% perceived boosts in local economic activities and job creation (mean = 4.28, SD = 0.92), 79.7% emphasized improved market access and trade facilitation (mean = 4.18, SD = 0.94), and 76.5% agreed on increased attractiveness to businesses and investors (mean = 4.10, SD = 0.96). Frequent traffic congestion was reported by 52.4% of commuters, underscoring the urgency of efficiency interventions to alleviate delays, lower transport costs, and enhance productivity. These perceptions align with the need for targeted infrastructure investments particularly in improving public bus reliability, integrating taxi services, and expanding non-motorized options to maximize social equity, economic productivity, and environmental sustainability in Akure. The findings provide evidence-based insights for urban planners and policymakers to prioritize transport enhancements that support inclusive, resilient, and livable urban growth in rapidly expanding Nigerian cities.