Feedback for Double-Loop Learning: Shifting Students’ Mindsets in War Zones
Abstract
Prolonged military conflict creates profound psychological barriers to learning, chief among them a sense of hopelessness, uncertainty, and cognitive disengagement. Traditional feedback mechanisms, focused on performance correction (single-loop learning), prove inadequate in war zones where students question the very purpose of education. This paper explores how double-loop learning feedback—narrative, indirect, and psychologically attuned—can shift students’ governing mindsets from helplessness to adaptive resilience.
Drawing on self-determination theory, situated cognition, problem-based learning, and recent evidence from the 2026 US-Israeli-Iran war, we synthesize findings from conflict-affected regions including Gaza, Sudan, Ukraine, Iran, and GCC. We propose a framework of indirect feedback practices: relational safety cues, narrative coherence tools, peer solidarity structures, and non-verbal gestures that communicate care.
The authors sees that the 2026 US-Israeli-Iran war despite the massive role of the sophisticated e-learning platforms in GCC, this does not replace the student engagement and psychological readiness for learning. Digital systems operate in single-loop feedback paradigms, providing procedural correction without addressing the governing assumptions of hopelessness and uncertainty that pervade war-zone classrooms. The paper demonstrates that e-learning modules, however technologically advanced, cannot deliver the relational presence, narrative coherence, or emotional regulation modeling required for double-loop learning. The research propose a hybrid model in which e-learning serves single-loop functions (content delivery, skill practice) while face-to-face and small-group interactions—informed by situated cognition and problem-based learning—carry the double-loop work of mindset transformation.
The study concludes that double-loop feedback, when embedded in daily pedagogical routines, can restore students’ sense of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, thereby sustaining learning motivation under the most adverse conditions. The paper shows that living through crisis generation is not merely learning to survive; it is learning to build, and feedback is the bridge between survival and construction.
How to Cite This Article
Kongkiti Phusavat, Mohamed Buheji (2026). Feedback for Double-Loop Learning: Shifting Students’ Mindsets in War Zones . International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation (IJMRGE), 7(3), 481-493.