Textual and Interpersonal Discourse Markers in Kamala Harris’s Campaign Speeches
Abstract
By examining two speeches delivered by the American nominee Kamala Harris, this study investigates the importance and functions of discourse markers (DMs) in political discourse. The paper aims to identify these markers, analyse their frequencies, and explore their functions within Harris’s speeches. The researcher employs both quantitative and qualitative methods to examine the discourse markers. This research deals with Hyland and Tse’s (2004) functional classification model, which includes textual and interpersonal discourse markers. The findings reveal that, among textual discourse markers, the logical connective ‘and’ is used 290 times to convey a sense of continuity and accessibility. The most frequently used interpersonal marker is the commentary marker ‘I,’ which appears 169 times.
How to Cite This Article
Ekhlas Ali Mohsin, Zainab Kareem Abdullah (2026). Textual and Interpersonal Discourse Markers in Kamala Harris’s Campaign Speeches . International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation (IJMRGE), 7(4), 08-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54660/.IJMRGE.2026.7.4.08-14