The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of despotic leadership on teachers' deviant behaviors with the mediating role of organizational anomie. This study was a correlation research method based on structural equation modeling. 264 teachers of Konarak (Iran) were studied by stratified random sampling method. To collect information, three questionnaires were used: despotic leadership, deviant behaviors and organizational anomie. For data analysis the Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used. Based on results the direct effect of despotic leadership on deviant behaviors, despotic leadership on organizational anomie and direct effect of organizational anomie on deviant behaviors was positive and significant. The indirect effect of despotic leadership on deviant behaviors was also significant with the mediator role of organizational anomie. Thus, school principals who use a despotic leadership style lead to the spread of organizational anomie in the school, and this organizational anomie in turn increase the deviant behaviors of teachers.