It has been observed that India’s educational development is a mixed bag of remarkable success and glaring gaps and its developmental history may be viewed in different phases. Education in India is provided by the public sector as well as the private sector, with control and funding coming from three levels: central, state, and local. The development of education was faster during the first quarter of the 19^th century and after this, the progress of education slowed down because of socio-political problems in the country. India's education system is divided into different levels such as pre-primary level, primary level, elementary education, secondary and senior secondary education, undergraduate and postgraduate level. Each educational stage has its objectives and aims accordingly, and each state has striven to develop its educational pattern and system, that’s why variation in the educational system has occurred among the states. The present study tries to assess the critical issues and challenges in education system of India and put forward suggestions for removing its problems.